For this reason, even though local tsunami runup generally increases with earthquake magnitude, there is substantial variation or scatter in this scaling relationship, as evidenced by average and maximum statistics of local observations. Some Native American tribal nations in the Pacific Northwest have legends of large waves striking the coast. The Survey is the primary source of geological products and services for Washington’s government agencies, businesses, and the public. These slip distributions then can be used to gauge the range the possible tsunamis from an earthquake of a particular magnitude and location. Do these legends refer to tsunamis? Generally, slip increases with the magnitude of the earthquake. A tsunami is a series of waves, not just a single wave. Phase 2: A Stochastic Model for Potential Tsunamis in the Pacific Northwest - Effect on local tsunamis from spatial variations of slip during rupture. Study shows waves that will arrive 1.5 hours after Cascadia quake The Washington State Department of Natural Resources (DNR) published today new maps showing the likely impacts to communities on the north Salish Sea mainland from a tsunami generated by a magnitude 9 earthquake on the Cascadia subduction zone. The observed scatter in the relationship between local runup and earthquake magnitude shown in the plot is caused by several different factors including water depth at the source, hypocentral depth, and rupture geometry (aspect ratio). CGS Information Warehouse: Tsunami Inundation Maps shows inundation zones, and provides an alternate method to download the tsunami inundation maps. 3.5 km/gridpoint). Tsunamigenic Earthquakes and Their Consequences 39, Elsevier, pp. This map is intended to provide nontechnical users with an Plate 1 displays the output of computer models representing five selected tsunami scenarios, all of which include the earthquake-produced subsidence and the tsunami-amplifying effects of the splay fault. The Cascadia subduction zone produces a major earthquake every 300 to 600 years. Therefore, the difference in the near-shore amplitude of the tsunamis generated by EQ 1 and EQ 2, for example, will be slightly greater than a factor of two. Most obvious is the isolated secondary wavefront propagating to the southeast. The parameters used to create this image are merely for illustrating the effect of oblique rupture on tsunami propagation. Geological evidence shows … Both of the secondary wavefronts initially travel parallel to shoreline, but their paths of travel curve (refract) toward shore. Two examples of stochastic slip distributions are shown here (warm colors represent high amounts of slip). Geist, E.L., and Dmowska, R., 1999, Local Tsunamis and Distributed Slip at the Source: Pure and Applied Geophysics, v. 154 no. The largest uncertainty in assessing hazards from local tsunamis along the Cascadia margin is estimating the possible earthquake source parameters. Much of the information on this page was presented by Jim Bergeron, Oregon Sea Grant, Astoria Extension at a 1995 Meeting in Seaside, Oregon. It separates the Juan de Fuca and North America plates. Let's look at an animation of a tsunami generated from oblique faulting to better understand the different waves generated by this type of earthquake. Here we show how the following parameters affect local tsunamis: During an earthquake, one side of the fault moves vertically and/or horizontally with respect to the other side. The zone varies in width and lies offshore beginning near Cape Mendocino, Northern California, passing through Oregon and Washington, and terminating at about Vanc… A Stochastic Model for Potential Tsunamis in the Pacific Northwest, Coastal and Marine Hazards and Resources Program, Native American Legends of Tsunamis in the Pacific Northwest. To determine the range of possible tsunami amplitudes for a given earthquake magnitude and location, a Monte Carlo-type simulation can be run, involving a large number of slip distributions.
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