54 On τò ἴσoν and πλεoνξα, see Vlastos (n. 2), 185, n. 78. The explanation is that between the composition of the debate on Mytilene and the judgment in 2.65, there was an interval: the contrast which had previously seemed unimportant turned out to be essential, and the attacks of the opposition, now triumphant, called for precise justification.’ But before we conclude that Cleon's speech is not intended to exemplify the politician who, in contrast to Pericles, makes his advice conform to the likings of his audience, we must investigate what these likings might be. Following Diodotus’ speech, the assembly recast their votes. 15 Cf. 44 Note the generalizing expressions: πì τà πλoν ἂμεινoν oἰκoσι, τŵν αἰεì λεγoμένων, τᾰ πoλλᾰ σøλλoυσι, ρθoûνται τà πλεíω. over 18 million articles from more than By cleverly working Cleon ‘s rough continuity that involvement precedes justness, Diodotus gets off with knocking Cleon ‘s terrible penalty without oppugning its nonpartisanship. 23 For Fisher (n. 2), 148, ‘the core of the concept is beyond any doubt the committing of actions of intentional insult, of acts which deliberately inflict shame and dishonour on others’. That is the task of this paper. Cleon began by questioning the worth of a democracy: “Personally I have had occasion often enough already to observe that a democracy is incapable of governing others, and I am all the more convinced of this when I see how you are now changing your minds about the Mytilenians.” He also implied the Athenians have become jaded by sophist oratory and questioned the worth of free speech. It has become familiar to millions through a diverse publishing program that includes scholarly works in all academic disciplines, bibles, music, school and college textbooks, business books, dictionaries and reference books, and academic journals. What matters is the manner in which the historian ‘discover(s) to his readers the limits, or the failures, as well as the powers, of reasoning’ (88). JSTOR is part of ITHAKA, a not-for-profit organization helping the academic community use digital technologies to preserve the scholarly record and to advance research and teaching in sustainable ways. Do not surround your terms in double-quotes ("") in this field. Participation with her ships (in joint naval campaigns with Athens) makes Methymna αủτóνoμoς in one passage but ὑπήκoς in another…. So de Romilly (n. 2, 1963), 171: ‘While in his judgment in 2.65 Thucydides seems particularly concerned to underline the difference between Pericles and his successors, [in the Mytilene Debate] he makes no effort at all to mark the contrast between Pericles and Cleon…. H��WK��F �w�%� K(�a�,�K�P�j:4��@��4 ��o0����f�C�9�Ws�yY� �=3�h��2_�|�%�|��ս`�z`3?�ٲ����/�2־�D�}'bc|�N�J��|`�y�N�.l��e���t��{����a6��C8�8b^r����)���ܶm�Jx�Ϧ��G�����n����ػ���Ț��\��� �����8f�t<2y������5��iz����kvu}1�.����'x{�xۃ5}���OW7W����n8�6��ñ�����/�v�De�0����sa*�LP���n In some cases Thucydides knew, more or less, what was actually said; and he tells us that he stuck as close as possible to the general sense (or tendency or line of thought or argument) Cf. 29 In translating λευθρως ‘with tolerance,’ I follow Rusten (n. 2), 146. 27 In Thucydides, see Pericles at 2.40.4–5, where the statesman speaks of the Athenians outdoing their friends in kindness (oὐ γàρ πáσΧoντες εὗ, λλà δρŵντες κτώμεθα τoὺς øíλoυς). Ein stilistischer Kommentar (Munich, 1961); Lévy, E., Athènes devant la défaite de 404. I prefer the view that λευθρως… πoλιτεoμεν is in part a recapitulation of 2.37.1, and that the words τá…. Citing one of Cleon's main arguments for his position, Diodotus questioned whether the death penalty is really a means of deterrence from revolt or just the opposite. Tactics like these should be comprehended in Thucydides’ ༐τράπoντo καθ’ ήδoνàς τŵ δήμω καì τà πράγματα ༐νδιδóναι’); Edmunds, L., Cleon, Knights, and Aristophanes’ Politics (Lanham, MD, 1987), 32 (‘Thucydides’ Cleon is presented as a source of stasis’, in confirmation of the report at 2.65). See, in addition to R. P. Winnington-Ingram (next note): Gomme in HCT, vol. Diodotus’ rational argument prevailed and managed to persuade the assembly not to massacre the Mytilenians. 60–1), this use of νóμoς t o express the idea of a precedent is perhaps surprising. Gomme in HCT, vol. 26 The prime examples are the rescue of the Heraclidae and the return of the remains of the Seven to the Argive mothers. G. Kennedy). Chapter 2 treats anger (ὀργή), which Aristotle defines as ‘desire… for conspicuous retaliation (τιμωρíα) because of a conspicuous slight ὀλιγωρíα (1378a30fF, trans. Footnotes 1 This article is based upon a paper read to the London Classical Society in December 1961 and later to the Cambridge “Herodoteans”. Doubtless the presence of walls at Mytilene and Chios could be represented to the Greek world as a token of Athenian respect for the autonomy of these two states. And indeed Tuplin supplies a whole series of fifth- and fourth-century texts in which ‘the opposition between tyranny and equality is… explicit’ (364–5; my italics). (edd. 20 The Athenians who address the Spartan assembly at 1.75.3 cite τιμή together with fear and profit as the fundamental motives of their ἀρΧή. II, 114–15; Kakridis (n. 2), 29–31; De Romilly, J., Thucydide: La guerre du Péloponnèse, Livre II (Paris, 1962), 96; Raaflaub (n. 2), 288. Classen, J., Thukydides, Band 2 (rev. Instead, he urged the Athenians to spare the Mytilenians in an effort to create an alliance. Ein stilistischer Kommentar, Athènes devant la défaite de 404. Raaflaub [n. 2], 277–83). Published online by Cambridge University Press. Search The debate consisted of varying opinions, the first of which was presented by Cleon of Athens. Macleod, closely studying how Cleon (and the Mytileneans and Diodotus) employ reason in their effort to persuade, is keenly interested in rhetorical technique. All the latest content is available, no embargo periods. 48 Cleon in 3.38 will take his audience to task for their permissiveness, explaining it in terms of their fondness of intellectual display. On the detailed interpretation of the debate itself I have occasionally found myself in disagreement with him. 37 At 1.84.3 Archidamus substitutes τà εὔκoσμoν as a synonym for σωøρoσúνη Cf. Says Hornblower (n. 2), 423–4 (who had before him an earlier discussion of νóμoς and Ψøισμα by Hansen): ‘on the technical point Hansen seems right; but there is no denying that Kleon is trading on the reassuring associations of nomos’. 2–8, to redress what he regards as Fisher's under-estimation of the ‘dispositional’ aspect of ὕβρις. The following debate--called the Mitylenian Debate by Thucydides--took place between Cleon and Diodotus and addressed key political issues raised by the Peloponnesian War. 19 At this date only Mytilene and Chios retained their navies; each was required, on an ongoing basis, to place a contingent at the disposal of the Athenian navy (3.10.5). Read your article online and download the PDF from your email or your account. All DeepDyve websites use cookies to improve your online experience. Close this message to accept cookies or find out how to manage your cookie settings. iii, esp. V, 36). (The Peace of Nicias) guarantees the αủτoνoμíα of six Thracian cities, “provided that they continue to pay the tribute assessed at the time of Aristeides“.’. Check out using a credit card or bank account with. It furthers the University's objective of excellence in research, scholarship, and education by publishing worldwide. Hamburg, 1953); Tuplin, C., ‘Imperial tyranny: some reflections on a Classical Greek political metaphor’, in Cartledge, P. A. and Harvey, F. D. Saar [n. 2], 43–4) as to suggest that linguistic usage itself sanctions and supports his notion of two distinct forms of revolt. ), Dêmokratia. 45 As Gomme in HCT vol. Diodotus’ discussion of the subject at 3.45, and Tompkins, D. T., ‘ Thucydides constructs his speakers: the case of Diodotus ’, Electronic Antiquity 1.1 (June 1993). 8 According to Ober (n. 2), 316–24, the rhetor was expected to ‘prominently stand forth’ and speak his mind, defending, advising, leading, and even criticizing the people. 16 Cleon places great emphasis on the Mytileneans’ happiness and prosperity (39.3–5 εủδαιμoνíα…, εủπραγíα…, εủτυΧoûντα…, εủδαιμoíαν), and its issue in ὕβρις.
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